负库存 (★★★)
#negative-stock #goods-issue
概览表 (一眼对比)
| Item |
Key Point |
| When |
GI数量 > 账面库存量 |
| Why |
收货未及时录入但物料已被消耗 |
| Settings |
三级设置:估值区域 → 工厂/Sloc → 物料主数据 |
| Risk |
不可在资产负债表日或盘点时有负库存 |
负库存场景
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
| 账面库存: 100 pc (实际已有 1000 pc,但GR未录入) │ ▼ 发货 300 pc 账面库存: -200 pc (负库存) │ ▼ 补录GR 900 pc 账面库存: 700 pc (恢复正常)
|
配置要求(三级设置)
| Level |
Setting |
Transaction |
| 1. 估值区域 |
允许负库存 |
OMJ1 |
| 2. 工厂/Sloc |
指定哪些Sloc允许 |
OMJ1 |
| 3. 物料主数据 |
Neg. Stocks Plant 指示器 |
MM02 |
允许负库存的特殊库存
| Indicator |
Special Stock Type |
| K |
Vendor Consignment |
| O |
Material Provided to Vendor |
| W |
Consignment at Customer |
| E |
Sales Order Stock |
| Q |
Project Stock |
| V |
Returnable Packaging (Customer) |
| M |
Returnable Transport Packaging |
移动平均价的影响
| Price Control |
Negative Stock Effect |
| Standard Price |
无特殊影响 |
| Moving Average Price |
补录GR时可能过账到价格差异科目 |
MAP负库存清算示例
1 2 3 4 5
| 1. 起始: 10 pc × €1 = €10 (MAP = €1) 2. GI 16 pc: 16 × €1 = €16 → 库存 = -6 pc, 价值 = -€6 3. GR 10 pc (PO价€3): 库存价值 = -6 + 6(清算) + 12(实物4pc×€3) = €12 → 新MAP = €12 / 4 pc = €3 → 价格差异 = PO总价€30 - 实际入账€18 = €12 (过账到价格差异科目)
|
考试高频考点 (考试高频考点)
| Scenario/Keyword |
Answer |
| “Negative stock settings” |
三级: 估值区域 → 工厂/Sloc → 物料主数据 |
| “MAP + negative stock” |
可能产生价格差异科目过账 |
| “Balance sheet date” |
不可在资产负债表日有负库存 |
| “Standard price + negative” |
无特殊影响 |
- 计划外发货 — Unplanned GI
- 库存与凭证报表 — MB52 for negative stock analysis